Table 2 Comparison of security properties of hardware-based trusted execution environment (HW TEE), Homomorphic encryption (HE) and trusted platform module (TPM) by CCC (cf. Table 1 in Confidential Computing consortium (2021a)
From: Confidential computing and related technologies: a critical review
HW TEE | Homomorphic encryption | Secure element e.g., TPM | |
|---|---|---|---|
Data integrity | Yes | Yes (subject to code integrity) | Keys only |
Data confidentiality | Yes | Yes | Keys only |
Code integrity | Yes | No | Yes |
Code confidentiality | Yes (may require work) | No | Yes |
Authenticated Launch | Varies | No | No |
Programmability | Yes | Partial (“circuits”) | No |
Attestability | Yes | No | Yes |
Recoverability | Yes | No | Yes |