Fig. 9
From: LayerCFL: an efficient federated learning with layer-wised clustering
Visualization of model distance matrix based on weight calculation of different layers of VGG16 model. Conv refers to the convolution layer in the model and FC refers to the fully connected layer. \(\cos\) means the model distance calculated by the cosine distance and \(l_2\) means the model distance calculated by the Euler distance. The lighter the color in the image, the more similar the data distribution between the two clients